Storia e Politica 2/2018

Davide Suin

Università della Repubblica di San Marino

TRA MACHIAVELLI E TACITO: NOTE SUL DIBATTITO POLITICO GENOVESE TRA XVI E XVII SECOLO. 

(BETWEEN MACHIAVELLI AND TACITO: NOTES ON THE GENOESE POLITICAL DEBATE BETWEEN THE XVI AND XVII CENTURIES). 

Keywords: Republicanism, Aristocracy, Oligarchy, Pallavicini, Machia-velli, Bodin. 

In this contribution the author dwells on the Genoese political debate in the late Sixteenth century. In that period, marked by an increasing economic development and deep institutional changes, emerges and matures within the Genoese aristocracy, especially among the members of the Accademia degli Addormentati, a vibrant discussion about the nature of republican institutions in Genoa. In this context the reception of Machiavelli and Tacito’s works accompanies the development of a political reflexion which, although it has not had as a result the production of systematic treatises, is noticeable in translations, introductions to historical commentaries and private manuscripts. In particular the essay focuses on the figure of Giulio Pallavicino who, besides being a well-known member of the Genoese aristocracy, was an engaged scholar and an active promoter of Machiavelli and Bodin’s political messages.

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Giuseppina D’Antuono 

Università S. Orsola Benincasa Napoli

DIDEROT NEL PENSIERO POLITICO ITALIANO. 

(DIDEROT IN THE ITALIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT).                                                                        

Keywords: Diderot, Enlightenment, anti-Enlightenment, reforms, revolutions, materialist tradition, censorship. 

“Diderot in the Italian Political thought” is the history of European free thinkers, reformers, revolutionaries and political translators who recognized themselves similar to Diderot even in exile. One of European civilisation founding fathers, Diderot was marked by censorship since 1749 and a downward trend which got his fall after Napoleonic Age and moved up in the end of XIX^th century. This paper shows how was born in Naples a political reforming and rationalist tradition at Diderot’s school during XVIII^th and XIX^th centuries. Nevertheless lots of political and ideological heritages have affected the political debate and the anti-Enlightment prejudice, underlined by Gramsci, has succeeded to expel Diderot from the process of reconstruction of national identity.

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Francesca Frisone

Università degli Studi di Messina  

LIBERTÀ DI ASSOCIAZIONE E LEGISLAZIONE D’EMERGENZA SOTTO I GOVERNI DELLA DESTRA STORICA. IL CASO DEL MEZZOGIORNO D’ITALIA. 

(FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION AND EMERGENCY LEGISLATION DURING THE HISTORICAL RIGHT PARTY GOVERNMENTS. THE SOUTHERN ITALY CASE OF STUDY). 

Keywords: Freedom of Association, Sicily, Emergency, Liberal State 

This essay is focused on the particular relationship between the freedom of association – provided for by art. 32 of the Statuto Albertino – and the tendency of the Italian liberal State to restrict and suspend this fundamental right through laws of exceptional nature. These practices was put in place by the governments of the historical Right Party, due to the disorders that took place in Southern Italy starting from 1860. Here, in fact, violent forms of resistance to the established order – “brigandage” and armed gangs – joined to the emergence of a very complex political oppositive front, which included democratic, Bourbonist, republican and clerical components. To minimize the spread of these first political associations, identified by the governments as “subversive”, the historical Right party choose a specific modus operandi, settled in Italian legal and political culture (not without activating long debates and reflections inside the Parliament and public law scientists): to repress and control dissent, mostly through the state of siege. A long-term trend, as we shall see, for Italian liberal state, which will reach its peak during the rule of the historic Left party.

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Gabriella Portalone Gentile

Università degli Studi di Palermo

RUGGERO GRIECO E IL PROGRAMMA INSURREZIONALE DEI COMUNISTI IN SICILIA. 

(RUGGERO GRIECO AND THE INSURREATIONAL PROGRAM OF THE COMMUNISTS IN SICILY). 

Keywords: Ruggero Grieco, Sicily, Communist Party, Paramilitary organization. 

The paper starts with the analysis of a document found in the archives of the Fondazione Guarino Amella and reconstructs the history of the Communist Party in Sicily in the aftermath of World War II. The examined document is a confidential circular sent by the national communist party executive member Ruggero Grieco to the Sicilian provincial federations. In the message, Grieco encourages local organizations to amass weapons, preferably automatic, and recruit and train comrades to engage law-enforcement in the context of the application of the Gullo decrees. This is the only known document, so far, issued by the national leadership that proves the existence of programs related to a paramilitary organization and of specific funding for weapon procurement.

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Elena Gaetana Faraci

Università degli Studi di Catania

«SETTENTRIONALI E MERIDIONALI». NAPOLEONE COLAJANNI E IL DIBATTITO PARLAMENTARE SUL MEZZOGIORNO (DICEMBRE 1901). 

(«NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN». NAPOLEONE COLAJANNI AND THE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE ON THE MEZZOGIORNO – DECEMBER 1901).

 Keywords: North, Southern, southern question, state intervention, stereotypes, race, anthropology. 

The author, in this contribution, analyzes the scientific thought and political activity of Napoleone Colajanni on the even nowadays open debate concerning relations between the North and the South of Italy.From his writings and interventions in Parliament emerge innovative features focused on criticism to the stereotypes of the anthropological school and on the need for State intervention to remove the economic and social backwardness of the South and to start a process of modernization in this part of the Country.